La relación terapéutica entre enfermeras y pacientes con afectación neurológica. Una revisión narrativa

Anna Blancafort Escalé; Nadia Azzouz Balich; Elisabet Torrubia Pérez; Natividad Cañellas Reverté; Georgina Casanova Garrigós

Anna Blancafort Escalé Hospital Universitario Vall d’Hebron. Barcelona, Cataluña, España
Nadia Azzouz Balich EAP Sant Josep, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Servicio de Atención Primaria Delta del Baix Llobregat. Barcelona, Cataluña, España
Elisabet Torrubia Pérez Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Departamento y Facultad de Enfermería, Campus Terres de l’Ebre. Tarragona, Cataluña, España
Natividad Cañellas Reverté Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Departamento y Facultad de Enfermería, Campus Terres de l’Ebre. Tarragona, Cataluña, España
Georgina Casanova Garrigós Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Departamento y Facultad de Enfermería, Campus Terres de l’Ebre. Tarragona, Cataluña, España

Palabras clave: Lesiones traumáticas del encéfalo, Agitación psicomotora, Alianza terapéutica, Comunicación, Enfermeros/enfermeras

Key-words: Traumatic brain injuries, Psychomotor agitation, Therapeutic alliance, Communication nurses

Resumen

Objetivo principal: explorar la relación terapéutica entre las enfermeras y pacientes con afectación neurológica debido a un traumatismo craneoencefálico, así como los factores que intervienen en ésta. Metodología: revisión narrativa realizada mediante una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos Scopus, Pubmed, Cinahl, Cuiden y Dialnet Plus. Resultados principales: se seleccionaron 12 artículos. Surgieron cuatro categorías de análisis: habilidades presentes en la relación enfermera-paciente, dificultades para establecer una relación terapéutica, interacción con los familiares y emociones que experimentan las enfermeras durante la relación terapéutica. Conclusión principal: construir una relación terapéutica entre las enfermeras y los pacientes con afectación neurológica es complejo, ya que esta debe vencer barreras y dificultades como la frecuente agitación que presentan los enfermos. En muchas ocasiones las enfermeras se ven abrumadas con emociones negativas que les cuesta gestionar, como el sufrimiento de los pacientes.

Abstract

Objective: to explore the therapeutic relationship between nurses and patients with neurological impairment due to a traumatic brain injury, as well as the factors involved in it. Methods: a narrative review was carried out through a bibliographic search in the Scopus, Pubmed, Cinahl, Cuiden and Dialnet Plus databases. Results: 12 articles were selected. Four categories of analysis emerged after reviewing these documents: skills present in the nurse-patient relationship, difficulties in establishing a therapeutic relationship, interaction with family members, and emotions experienced by nurses during the therapeutic relationship. Conclusions: building a therapeutic relationship between nurses and patients with neurological impairment is complex since it must overcome barriers and difficulties such as the frequent agitation that patients present. On many occasions, nurses are overwhelmed with negative emotions that are difficult for them to manage, such as the suffering of the patients.

Bibliografía

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La relación terapéutica entre enfermeras y pacientes con afectación neurológica. Una revisión narrativa

The therapeutic relationship between nurses and patients with neurological impairment. A narrative review

Resumen

Abstract

Bibliografía