Programas de formación para enfermería en participación y toma de decisiones políticas

Blanca Lizarraga Amilibia; Hildegart González Luis; Nerea Elizondo Rodríguez

Blanca Lizarraga Amilibia Centro de salud de Hernani, Osakidetza (España)
Hildegart González Luis Universidad de Navarra (España) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7328-2051
Nerea Elizondo Rodríguez Hospital Universitario de Navarra (España) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3885-9668

Palabras clave: Activistas políticos, Enfermera, Participación política, Formación en enfermería, Toma de decisiones políticas

Key-words: Policy makers, Nurse, Political participation, Nursing education, Policy decision making

Resumen

Introducción. Las decisiones políticas en el ámbito de la gestión sanitaria resultan fundamentales con impacto directo en la salud. Los profesionales en gestión sanitaria, entre ellos enfermeras, están llamados a participar en la toma de decisiones políticas. Objetivo. Conocer qué evidencia científica hay disponible sobre programas educativos formales e informales para formar en participación y en la toma de decisiones políticas de salud dirigidos a enfermería. Analizar cuáles son las características que definen los programas educativos en participación y toma de decisiones políticas para enfermeras. Método. Revisión bibliográfica sistemática en las principales bases de datos. Resultados. No se han hallado programas formativos en el contexto español. Se analizan los programas formativos existentes en base a similitudes y diferencias entre ellos identificadas en la revisión. Discusión. El desarrollo de las competencias de gestión en enfermería abarca más que gestión de la práctica clínica. La formación completa en gestión en enfermería incluye el liderazgo, la participación y toma de decisiones políticas mediante el desarrollo de múltiples habilidades de comunicación y la aplicación de la ética, entre otras. Conclusiones. La inexistencia de programas formativos en toma de decisiones políticas para enfermeras en España, justifica el desarrollo de nuevos estudios a nivel nacional e internacional que complementen y profundicen en el tema abordado en esta revisión. Implicaciones para la práctica. Desarrollar programas formativos en toma de decisiones políticas para enfermeras impulsará al desarrollo de perfiles gestores mejor formados y capacitados para ocupar puestos de responsabilidad en la toma de decisiones estratégicas en salud.

Abstract

Introduction. Political decisions in the field of health management are fundamental and have a direct impact on health. Health management professionals, including nurses, are required to participate in policy decision making. Objective. To identify what scientific evidence is available on formal and informal educational programs for training in participation and health policy decision-making aimed at nurses. To analyze the defining characteristics of educational programs in participation and political decision-making for nurses. Method. Systematic literature review in the main databases. Results. No training programs have been found in the Spanish context. The existing training programs are analyzed on the basis of similarities and differences identified in the review. Discussion. The development of nursing management competencies encompasses other fields beyond clinical practice management. Complete management training in nursing includes leadership, participation and political decision making through the development of multiple communication skills and the application of ethics, among others. Conclusions. The lack of training programs in political decision making for nurses in Spain justifies the need for developing new studies at national and international level to complement and deepen the subject addressed in this review. Implications for practice. The development of training programs in political decision making for nurses will promote the development of better trained and qualified management profiles to occupy positions of responsibility in strategic decision making in health.

Bibliografía

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Programas de formación para enfermería en participación y toma de decisiones políticas

Training programs for nurses in political participation and decision making

Resumen

Abstract

Bibliografía