Prevalência e fatores associados para a ocorrência de eventos adversos no serviço de hemodiálise

Sara Rebeca de Oliveira Lessa; Jéssica Naylla de Melo Bezerra; Silvia Maria Cristovam Barbosa; Givaneide Oliveira de Andrade Luz; Anna Karla de Oliveira Tito Borba

Sara Rebeca de Oliveira Lessa Hospital das Clinicas. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) (Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil)
Jéssica Naylla de Melo Bezerra Hospital das Clinicas. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) (Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil)
Silvia Maria Cristovam Barbosa Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) (Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil)
Givaneide Oliveira de Andrade Luz Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) (Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil)
Anna Karla de Oliveira Tito Borba Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) (Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil)

Palabras clave: Seguridad del paciente, Enfermería, Diálisis renal, Calidad de la atención de salud, Enfermedad iatrogénica, Errores médicos

Key-words: Patient safety, Nursing, Renal dialysis, Quality of health care, Iatrogenic disease, Medical errors

Palavras chave: Segurança do paciente, Enfermagem, Diálise renal, Qualidade da assistência à saúde, Doença iatrogênica, Erros médicos

Resumen

Objetivo: analizar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a la ocurrencia de eventos adversos en el servicio de hemodiálisis. Método: Estudio descriptivo longitudinal con abordaje cuantitativo, cuya muestra fue compuesta de 51 pacientes atendidos en la unidad de hemodiálisis entre mayo y julio de 2016. Los datos fueron obtenidos por medio del registro diario de eventos adversos en un checklist y sometidos análisis y, para las las variables categóricas, se realizó el análisis bivariado, por medio del test Qui-cuadrado de independencia de Pearson. Resultados: se registraron 1110 eventos adversos con prevalencia en 98,03% de los pacientes, siendo los más frecuentes: error de medicación (45,2%) y flujo sanguíneo inadecuado (42,9%). En cuanto al grado de daño, la mayoría de los eventos fueron de grado leve (93,8%), seguido del moderado (5,9%). La ocurrencia del evento adverso estuvo asociada al sexo femenino, edad menor que 40 años, ausencia de comorbilidades, tiempo de tratamiento menor que un año y uso de catéter venoso central largo plazo. Conclusión: la prevalencia de eventos adversos se consideró alta, con predominancia de eventos leve. El estudio refuerza la necesidad de estrategias de gestión y asistencia para implantación de medidas de control de la ocurrencia de los eventos adversos en hemodiálisis, lo que resulta en beneficios económicos y sociales para la institución y su clientela

Abstract

Objective: to analyze the prevalence and factors associated with the occurrence of adverse events in the hemodialysis service. Method: a longitudinal descriptive study with a quantitative approach, whose sample consisted of 51 patients, the data were obtained through the daily recording of adverse events on a checklist between May and July 2016 the data were submitted to descriptive analysis and, for the categorical variables, the bivariate analysis was performed through the Pearson’s Chi-Square Test of Independence in order to investigate the association of the occurrence of AE and demographic and clinical variables. Results: 1110 adverse events with a prevalence in 98.03% of the patients were recorded, with the most frequent being medication error (45.2%) and inadequate blood flow (42.9%). Regarding the level of harm, most of the adverse events were mild (93.8%), followed by moderate (5.9%). The occurrence of the adverse event was associated with the female sex, younger than 40 years of age, absence of comorbidities, treatment time less than one year and use of long-term central venous catheter. Conclusion: the prevalence of adverse events was considered high, with a predominance of mild adverse events. The study reinforces the need for management and assistance strategies in order to implement control measures regarding the occurrence of adverse events in hemodialysis, resulting in economic and social benefits for the institution and its clientele

Resumo

Objetivo: analisar a prevalência e os fatores associados para a ocorrência de eventos adversos no serviço de hemodiálise. Método: estudo descritivo longitudinal com abordagem quantitativa, cuja amostra foi composta de 51 pacientes atendidos na unidade de hemodiálise entre maio e julho de 2016. Os dados foram obtidos por meio do registro diário de eventos adversos em um checklist e submetidos análise e, para as variáveis categóricas, foi realizada a análise bivariada, por meio do teste Qui-Quadrado de independência de Pearson. Resultados: foram registrados 1110 eventos adversos com prevalência em 98,03% dos pacientes, sendo os mais frequentes: erro de medicação (45,2%) e fluxo sanguíneo inadequado (42,9%). Quanto ao grau de dano, a maioria dos eventos foi de grau leve (93,8%), seguido do moderado (5,9%). A ocorrência do evento adverso esteve associada ao sexo feminino, idade menor que 40 anos, ausência de comorbidades, tempo de tratamento menor que um ano e uso de cateter venoso central de longa permanência. Conclusão: a prevalência de eventos adversos foi considerada alta, com predominância do grau leve. O estudo reforça a necessidade de estratégias de gestão e assistência para implantação de medidas de controle da ocorrência dos eventos adversos em hemodiálise, resultando em benefícios econômicos e sociais para a instituição e sua clientela

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Prevalência e fatores associados para a ocorrência de eventos adversos no serviço de hemodiálise

Prevalence and factors associated with the occurrence of adverse events in the hemodialysis service

Prevalencia y factores asociados a la ocurrencia de eventos adversos en el servicio de hemodiálisis

Resumen

Abstract

Resumo

Bibliografía