Conhecimento autorreferido das equipes médica e de enfermagem quanto às medidas de prevenção de infecção da corrente sanguínea

Alanna Gomes da Silva; Adriana Cristina de Oliveira

Alanna Gomes da Silva Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) (Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil)
Adriana Cristina de Oliveira Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) (Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil)

Palabras clave: Infecciones relacionadas con el catéter, Unidades de terapia intensiva, Seguridad del Paciente, atéteres venosos centrales, Conocimiento

Key-words: Catheter-related infections, Intensive care units, Patient safety, Central venous catheters, Knowledge

Palavras chave: Infecções relacionadas a cateter, Unidades de terapia intensiva, Segurança do Paciente, Cateteres venosos centrais, Conhecimento

Resumen

Objetivo: evaluar el conocimiento autorreferido de los equipos médicos y de la enfermería en relación a las medidas de prevención de infección de la corriente sanguínea relacionada al catéter venoso central. Métodos: estudio transversal realizado en la unidad de terapia intensiva de un hospital público de urgencia y la emergencia de gran porte de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. La población fue compuesta por médicos, enfermeros y técnicos de enfermería responsables por la inserción y mantenimiento de los catéteres venosos centrales. Se realizó una entrevista cara a cara utilizando como instrumento un cuestionario estructurado. Con el objetivo de saber la distribución de los datos se usó la estadística descriptiva y para el análisis de los factores asociados al conocimiento se utilizó la regresión de Poisson con variancia robusta. El nivel de significancia considerado fue de 5% (p<0,05) y el intervalo de confianza de 95%. El test de Shapiro-Wilk fue utilizado para verificar la normalidad de los datos. Resultados: la mediana del conocimiento autorreferido en las diferentes preguntas investigadas fue de 42,8%. En la evaluación del conocimiento sobre la inserción del catéter, el porcentaje autorreferido por los médicos fue del 100%. En contrapartida, las medidas de mantenimiento referidas por el equipo de enfermería fueron inferiores a 50%, destacándose la desinfección del hub (35%) y el tiempo de duración para esa desinfección (7,2%). Conclusión: en el análisis global de las preguntas elegibles para la evaluación del conocimiento de los equipos se constató un conocimiento limitado para las medidas consideradas como estándar oro en la prevención de una infección de la corriente sanguínea relacionada al catéter venoso central, reforzando la importancia de mayores esfuerzos en la discusión de la prevención de esa infección así como en la educación permanente

Abstract

Objective: to evaluate the self-reported knowledge of the medical and nursing teams regarding bloodstream infection prevention measures related to the central venous catheter. Methods: a cross-sectional study carried out at the intensive care unit of a emergency hospital in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais (Brazil). The population was composed of doctors, nurses and nurse technicians responsible for the insertion and maintenance of central venous catheters. A face-to-face interview was conducted, and a structured questionnaire was used as the research instrument. In order to know the distribution of the data, descriptive statistics was used and for the analysis of the factors associated with knowledge the Poisson regression with robust variance was implemented. The considered significance level was 5% (p <0.05) and the confidence interval was 95%. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to verify the normality of the data. Results: the self-reported knowledge median in the different researched questions was 42.8%. In the evaluation of knowledge regarding the catheter insertion, the percentage of self-reported knowledge of the doctors was 100%. On the contrary, the maintenance measures reported by the nursing team were lower than 50%, highlighting hub disinfection (35%) and duration of disinfection (7.2%). Conclusion: in a general overview of the eligible questions for the evaluation of team knowledge, a limited knowledge of the measures, considered gold standard in the prevention of central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection, was verified, reinforcing the importance of continuous education and further discussion regarding the prevention of this infection

Resumo

Objetivo: avaliar o conhecimento autorreferido das equipes médica e de enfermagem quanto às medidas de prevenção de infecção da corrente sanguínea relacionada ao cateter venoso central. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado na unidade de terapia intensiva de um hospital público de urgência e emergência de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. A população foi composta por médicos, enfermeiros e técnicos de enfermagem responsáveis pela inserção e manutenção dos cateteres venosos centrais. Conduziu-se entrevista face a face, sendo utilizado como instrumento um questionário estruturado. A fim de se conhecer a distribuição dos dados utilizou-se estatística descritiva e para análise dos fatores associados ao conhecimento a regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. O nível de significância considerado foi de 5% (p<0,05) e o intervalo de confiança de 95%. O teste de Shapiro-Wilk foi utilizado para verificar a normalidade dos dados. Resultados: a mediana do conhecimento autorreferido nas diferentes questões pesquisadas foi de 42,8%. Na avaliação do conhecimento sobre a inserção do cateter o percentual autorreferido pelos médicos foi de 100%. Em contrapartida, as medidas de manutenção referidas pela equipe de enfermagem foram inferiores a 50%, destacando-se a desinfecção do hub (35%) e tempo de duração para essa desinfecção (7,2%). Conclusão: na análise global das questões elegíveis para avaliação do conhecimento das equipes, constatou-se um conhecimento limitado às medidas consideradas padrão ouro na prevenção de infecção da corrente sanguínea relacionada ao cateter venoso central, reforçando a importância de mais investimentos na discussão da prevenção dessa infecção, bem como na educação permanente

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Conhecimento autorreferido das equipes médica e de enfermagem quanto às medidas de prevenção de infecção da corrente sanguínea

Medical and nursing team self-reported knowledge on bloodstream infection prevention measures

Conocimiento autorreferido de los equipos médicos y de la enfermería sobre las medidas de prevención de infección de la corriente sanguínea

Resumen

Abstract

Resumo

Bibliografía