Elizabeth Kenny, enfermera que contribuyó al desarrollo de la Fisioterapia en los Estados Unidos durante el siglo XX

Vicenta Gómara Jiménez; Concha Germán Bes

Vicenta Gómara Jiménez Hospital Reina Sofía (Tudela, España)
Concha Germán Bes Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad de Zaragoza (Zaragoza, España)

Palabras clave: Elizabeth Kenny, Poliomielitis, Fisioterapia

Key-words: Elizabeth Kenny, Poliomyelitis, Physical Therapy Specialty

Resumen

Introducción: Elizabeth Kenny dedicó su vida al estudio de la enfermedad de la Poliomielitis llegando a ser una figura relevante para el desarrollo de la Fisioterapia, la Rehabilitación y la Enfermería. Metodología: Se ha revisado 3 fuentes primarias (The Kenny concept of Infantile Paralysis and its treatment, The Treatment Of Infantile Paralysis In The Acute Stage y And They Shall Walk) y seis de los doce artículos encontrados en Pubmed. Los puntos de referencia tomados para el análisis de las fuentes han sido: las aportaciones novedosas que Elizabeth Kenny hizo a la Poliomielitis (concepto y método de tratamiento) y las alusiones de ésta al fisioterapeuta como pieza clave. Resultados: La descripción de la enfermedad de la Poliomielitis bajo un nuevo concepto, el tratamiento de la enfermedad durante el periodo agudo, la aplicación temprana de compresas calientes y la reeducación del sistema neuromuscular, se muestran como las principales aportaciones que Elizabeth Kenny hizo a la Poliomielitis. Conclusión: Elizabeth Kenny planteó un concepto de la enfermedad de la Poliomielitis totalmente opuesto al que en esa época la ciencia médica aprobaba y elaboró un tratamiento innovador ocupando un lugar destacado entre el colectivo médico más ortodoxo, como mujer y como investigadora empírica, lo que significó un gran impacto en la sociedad

Abstract

Introduction: Elizabeth Kenny devoted his life to the study of polio disease becoming a relevant figure for the development of Physiotherapy, Rehabilitation and Nursing. Methods: It have been reviewed three (3) primary sources (The Kenny Concept of Infantile Paralysis and Its Treatment, The Treatment Of Infantile Paralysis In The Acute Stage y And They Shall Walk) and six (6) out of twelve (12) articles which were found in Pubmed. The novel contributions of Elizabeth Kenny towards Poliomyelitis (concept and treatment methodology) and her references to the key role played by Physiotherapists as such have been the benchmark for analyzing the sources. Results: A new concept of Poliomyelitis disease, the polio treatment during the acute stage, the use of hot foments and the muscle reeducation are showed like the principals contributions that Elizabeth Kenny established to the Poliomyelitis. Conclusions: Elizabeth Kenny raised a new concept of Poliomyelitis disease totally opposite to the orthodox system accepted at that time and developed an innovative treatment taking a distinguished place between the most orthodox doctors, like woman and empirical researcher, which meant a great impact in society

Bibliografía

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Elizabeth Kenny, enfermera que contribuyó al desarrollo de la Fisioterapia en los Estados Unidos durante el siglo XX

Elizabeth Kenny, the nurse who contributed to the Physiotherapy's development in the United States during the 20th Century

Resumen

Abstract

Bibliografía