Escala ALONE para a população idosa portuguesa: Tradução, adaptação cultural, validade de conteúdo e validade facial

Sara Guerra; Liliana Sousa; Sofia Lurdes Rosas Silva; Maria Rosário Jesus Martins; João Paulo Almeida Tavares

Sara Guerra Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS@RISE), Universidade de Aveiro (Aveiro, Portugal) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0994-3542
Liliana Sousa Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS@RISE), Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal; Universidade de Aveiro, Departamento de Educação e Psicologia (Aveiro, Portugal) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3491-7119
Sofia Lurdes Rosas Silva Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Escola Superior de Educação de Coimbra, Portugal; Centro de Investigação e Inovação em Educação (Coimbra, Portugal) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2856-3502
Maria Rosário Jesus Martins Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal; Unidade de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde: Enfermagem (UICISA: E), Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra (ESEnfC) (Coimbra, Portugal) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8609-5834
João Paulo Almeida Tavares Universidade de Aveiro, Departamento de Educação e Psicologia, Aveiro, Portugal; Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS@RISE), Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal; Unidade de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde: Enfermagem (UICISA: E), Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra (ESEnfC) (Coimbra, Portugal) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-7978

Palabras clave: Adultos mayores, Soledad, Estudio de validación

Key-words: Older adults, Loneliness, Validation study

Palavras chave: Idosos, Solidão, Estudo de validação

Resumen

Marco contextual: La soledad entre los adultos mayores es un problema de salud pública que requiere una detección precoz para poder realizar intervenciones eficaces. La escala ALONE es breve (cinco ítems) y fiable, y tiene una utilidad clínica prometedora. Objetivo: Traducción, adaptación cultural, validez de contenido y validez facial de la escala ALONE para adultos mayores portugueses que viven en la comunidad (≥ 65 años). Metodología: Este estudio constó de tres fases: (a) traducción y adaptación cultural; (b) evaluación de la validez de contenido con 15 expertos (índice de validez de contenido, CVI), y (c) evaluación de la validez facial mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas con ocho adultos mayores. Resultados: Se consiguió una equivalencia lingüística con la escala ALONE original. Los ítems mostra-ron una fuerte validez de contenido (CVI ≥ 0,8, CVI medio de 0,97), concordancia universal de 0,71, kappa excelente). La validez facial mostró que la escala ALONE capta los sentimientos de soledad, es útil y fácil de entender y completar. Conclusión: La escala ALONE, traducida y adaptada culturalmente, es válida para evaluar la soledad entre adultos mayores portugueses en contextos comunitarios

Abstract

Background: Loneliness among older adults is a significant public health problem that requires early detection for effective intervention. The ALONE scale is a brief (five items) and reliable tool that holds promise for clinical use. Objective: Translation, cultural adaptation, content validity, and face validity of the ALONE scale for Portuguese community-dwelling older adults (≥ 65 years). Methodology: This methodological study comprised three stages: (a) translation and cultural adaptation; (b) content validity assessment with 15 experts (content validity index, CVI); and (c) face validity assessment through semi-structured interviews with eight older adults. Results: Linguistic equivalence was achieved with the original ALONE scale. The items had strong content validity (CVI ≥ 0.8, average CVI of 0.97, universal agreement of 0.71, excellent kappa). Face validity assessment showed that the ALONE scale captures the feelings of loneliness, is useful, and is easy to understand and complete. Conclusion: The translated and culturally adapted ALONE scale shows content and face validity for assessing loneliness among Portuguese older adults in community settings

Resumo

Enquadramento: A solidão nos idosos é uma preocupação de saúde pública que requer deteção precoce para intervenções eficazes. A escala ALONE é breve (cinco itens) e fiável, prometendo utilidade clínica. Objetivo: Tradução, adaptação cultural, validade de conteúdo e validade facial da escala ALONE para idosos portugueses residentes na comunidade (≥ 65 anos). Metodologia: Este estudo metodológico compreendeu três fases: (a) tradução e adaptação cultural; (b) avaliação da validade de conteúdo com 15 especialistas (índice de validade de conteúdo, IVC); e (c) avaliação da validade facial através de entrevistas semiestruturadas com oito idosos. Resultados: Alcançou-se equivalência linguística com a escala ALONE original. Os itens demonstraram forte validade de conteúdo (IVC ≥ 0,8, IVC médio de 0,97, concordância universal de 0,71, kappa excelente). A validade facial mostrou que a escala ALONE deteta sentimentos de solidão, é útil e fácil de compreender e responder. Conclusão: A escala ALONE, traduzida e culturalmente adaptada, é válida para avaliar a solidão nos idosos portugueses em contextos comunitários

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Escala ALONE para a população idosa portuguesa: Tradução, adaptação cultural, validade de conteúdo e validade facial

ALONE scale for Portuguese older adults: Translation, cultural adaptation, content validity, and face validity

Escala ALONE para ancianos portugueses: Traducción, adaptación cultural, validez de contenido y validez facial

Resumen

Abstract

Resumo

Bibliografía