Autoestigma y trastornos del espectro psicótico: una revisión breve

Ramón Cabrera Padilla

Ramón Cabrera Padilla Gerencia de Atención Primaria de Tenerife, Servicio Canario de Salud. España

Palabras clave: Estigma, Autoestigma, Psicosis, Esquizofrenia, Trastorno, Psicótico

Key-words: Stigma, Self-stigma, Psychosis, Schizophrenia, Disorder, Psychotic

Resumen

Objetivo principal: Presentar una revisión actualizada de publicaciones científicas en forma narrativa sobre autoestigma en personas con trastornos del espectro psicótica en idioma castellano. Metodología: Búsqueda bibliográfica entre PubMed y EBSCO en la Biblioteca Virtual del Servicio Canario de Salud, publicaciones con antigüedad menor a 5 años, revisadas por pares, ordenadas por relevancia, sintetizando 28 artículos relevantes relacionados con el tema. Resultados principales: El autoestigma afecta especialmente a personas con trastornos del espectro psicótico. A pesar de los estudios, existen hallazgos contradictorios y la necesidad de investigar con muestras mayores más significativas. El autoestigma se perpetúa y el estigma público se extiende, con notable influencia por parte de prensa y medios de comunicación. Conclusión principal: Se precisa proseguir la investigación sobre autoestigma y salud mental para obtener evidencia más fuerte y elaborar intervenciones eficientes para reducir su incidencia y mejorar su pronóstico.

Abstract

Objective: To present an updated review of scientific publications in narrative form on self-stigma in people with psychotic spectrum disorders in Spanish. Methods: Bibliographic search in PubMed and EBSCO using the Canarian Health Service´s online library, mainly articles less than five years old, sorted by relevance, summarizing the 28 most relevant articles related to the topic. Results: Self-stigma particularly affects people with psychotic spectrum disorders. Despite the studies, there are contradictory findings and a need for research with larger, more significant samples. Self-stigma is perpetuated, and public stigma spreads, with significant influence from the press and media. Conclusions: Further research on self-stigma and mental health is needed to obtain stronger evidence and develop effective interventions to reduce its incidence and improve its prognosis.

Bibliografía

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Chukwuma, O., Ezeani, E., Fatoye, O et al. A Systematic Review of the Effect of Stigmatization Psychiatric Illness Outcomes, Cureus, 2024; 16(6): e62642. https://www.cureus.com/articles/255768-a-systematic-review-of-the-effect-of-stigmatization-on-psychiatric-illness-outcomes#!/

Abraham, T., Kabeta, T. y Gezahegn, Y. Magnitude and correlates of internalised stigma among outpatient psychiatric service users in southeast central Ethiopia. BioMed Central Psychiatry, 2025; 25, 18. https://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12888-024-06453-0

Longdon, E. y Read, J. People with Problems, Not Patients with Illnesses: Using Psychosocial Frameworks to Reduce the Stigma of Psychosis. Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences, 2017; 54(1):24-28. https://cdn.doctorsonly.co.il/2017/08/05_People-with-problems.pdf

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Autoestigma y trastornos del espectro psicótico: una revisión breve

Self-stigma and psychotic spectrum disorders: a brief review

Resumen

Abstract

Bibliografía