Satisfacción y fatiga por compasión en profesionales  “invisibilizados” en contextos sociosanitarios de final de vida: una aproximación cualitativa

Guillermo Jurado Villacañas; Rosa Ruiz Aragoneses; Cristina Muñoz Alustiza; David Almaraz; José Carlos Bermejo Higuera

Guillermo Jurado Villacañas Contratado Predoctoral en Formación, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. España https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7500-911X
Rosa Ruiz Aragoneses Departamento de Investigación, Centro de Humanización de la Salud San Camilo. Tres Cantos, Madrid, España https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4495-5637
Cristina Muñoz Alustiza Proyectos y Calidad, Centro de Humanización de la Salud San Camilo. Tres Cantos, Madrid, España https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6295-3476
David Almaraz Departamento de Investigación, Centro de Humanización de la Salud San Camilo. Tres Cantos, Madrid, España https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1130-7783
José Carlos Bermejo Higuera Dirección General, Centro de Humanización de la Salud San Camilo. Tres Cantos, Madrid, España https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3103-5946

Palabras clave: Fatiga por compasión, Satisfacción por compasión, Humanización de la atención, Interdisciplinariedad, Cuidado en el final de la vida

Key-words: Compassion fatigue, Compassion satisfaction, Humanization of assistance, Interdisciplinarity, End-of-life care

Resumen

Objetivo principal: Explorar experiencias de satisfacción y fatiga por compasión en profesionales “invisibilizados” (TCAE y personal de limpieza) en una unidad de cuidados paliativos y una residencia de mayores. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo mediante ocho entrevistas en profundidad semiestructuradas, realizadas hasta alcanzar la saturación del discurso. El análisis se llevó a cabo con codificación basada en conceptos. Resultados principales: Los participantes manifestaron algún grado de fatiga por compasión, influida en parte por el entorno laboral. La percepción de un trabajo bien hecho, el sentido de pertenencia al equipo y el reconocimiento emergen como fuentes de satisfacción. También destacan las creencias personales sobre la muerte y la calidad del vínculo con los pacientes, siempre que existan límites emocionales claros. Conclusión principal: TCAE y personal de limpieza construyen vínculos significativos con pacientes y familias. Reforzar la comunicación, el reconocimiento y las relaciones saludables puede potenciar la satisfacción y mitigar la fatiga por compasión.

Abstract

Objective: To explore experiences of compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue among “invisible” profesional (nursing care assistants and cleaning staff) in a palliative care unit and a nursing home. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using eight semi-structured in-depth interviews, carried out until data saturation was reached. The análisis was performed through concept-based coding. Results: All participants reported some degree of compassion fatigue, influenced by the work environment. A sense of doing a “job well done,” team belonging, and recognition emerged as key sources of satisfaction. Personal beliefs about death and the quality of the bond with patients also played a role, as long as clear emotional boundaries were maintained. Conclusions: Nursing care assistants and cleaning staff establish emotionally meaningful relationships with patients and families. Strengthening team communication, professional recognition, and healthy relationships can enhance compassion satisfaction and reduce compassion fatigue.

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Satisfacción y fatiga por compasión en profesionales “invisibilizados” en contextos sociosanitarios de final de vida: una aproximación cualitativa

Compassion Satisfaction and Compassion Fatigue in “Invisible” Professionals in End-of-Life Social and Healthcare Contexts: A Qualitative Approach

Resumen

Abstract

Bibliografía