Modelo predictivo para la presencia del delirium en pacientes  ortogeriátricos hospitalizados por fractura de cadera

María Plaza-Carmona; Sonia Jiménez-Mola; Carmen Requena-Hernández

María Plaza-Carmona Servicio de urgencias, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León. Universidad Internacional de la Rioja. España https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6886-7215
Sonia Jiménez-Mola Servicio de geriatría, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León. España https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6166-4378
Carmen Requena-Hernández Universidad de León. España https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2427-8608

Palabras clave: Delirio, Anciano, Fractura de cadera, Octogenario, Hospitalización

Key-words: Delirium, Elderly, Hip fracture, Octogenarian, Hospitalization

Resumen

Introducción: el delirium es una complicación común en pacientes con fractura de cadera tras su ingreso hospitalario, lo que lo convierte en una patología geriátrica frecuente. Su prevención y detección temprana son cruciales para acortar la estancia hospitalaria y minimizar complicaciones durante la hospitalización. Objetivo: identificar los factores predictores de delirium en pacientes hospitalizados por fractura de cadera. Metodología: se realizó un estudio prospectivo con 287 pacientes de 80 años o más en la Unidad de Traumatología del Hospital Universitario de León, España. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas y médicas. Resultados: el análisis de regresión logística multivariante reveló una asociación significativa entre el estado delirium y el deterioro cognitivo, infecciones del tracto urinario, alteraciones visuales y cirugía de urgencia. No se observaron diferencias significativas en función de la edad y el sexo. Conclusión: el modelo predictivo desarrollado puede mejorar la gestión perioperatoria, sugiriendo la inclusión de educación sanitaria perioperatoria e intervención psicológica para reducir complicaciones postoperatorias.

Abstract

Introduction: Delirium is a common complication in patients with hip fractures after hospital admission, making it a frequent geriatric condition. Early prevention and detection are crucial to shortening hospital stays and minimizing complications during hospitalization. Objective: To identify predictors of delirium in patients hospitalized with hip fractures. Methodology: A prospective study was conducted with 287 patients aged 80 or older in the Trauma Unit of the University Hospital of León, Spain. Sociodemographic and medical variables were analyzed. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between acute confusion and cognitive impairment, urinary tract infections, visual disturbances, and emergency surgery. No significant differences were observed based on age or gender. Conclusion: The predictive model developed can enhance perioperative management, suggesting the inclusion of perioperative health education and psychological intervention to reduce postoperative complications.

Bibliografía

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Modelo predictivo para la presencia del delirium en pacientes ortogeriátricos hospitalizados por fractura de cadera

Model predictive model for the presence of delirium in orthogeriatric patients hospitalized for hip fracture

Resumen

Abstract

Bibliografía