Estrés laboral y su relación con la percepción del cuidado en profesionales de enfermería

Work-Related Stress and Its Relationship with the Perception of Care among Nursing Professionals

Resumen

Objetivo principal: Determinar la relación entre el estrés laboral y la percepción del cuidado en profesionales de enfermería. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, correlacional, no experimental y transversal. En un hospital público de Aguascalientes. Muestreo estratificado (por turno y servicio) con 185 profesionales de enfermería elegibles. Se aplicaron la Nursing Stress Scale (NSS, α=0.89) y la Escala de Evaluación de los Comportamientos de Cuidado Otorgado por Enfermería (ECCOE, α=0.957). El análisis de datos se realizó en SPSS v.25 mediante estadística descriptiva y la prueba de correlación de Spearman. Resultados principales: Participaron, principalmente mujeres (82%), con licenciatura. (77%). La relación entre estrés y percepción del cuidado fue débil y no significativa (ρ = – 0.112; p = 0.130).  Conclusión principal: En esta muestra, el estrés laboral no se asoció de forma significativa con la percepción del cuidado. La antigüedad podría atenuar el estrés, pero se requieren análisis multivariados y estudios longitudinales para confirmar el efecto y controlar confusores.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the relationship between work-related stress and the perception of care among nursing professionals. Methods: A quantitative, correlational, non-experimental, cross-sectional study was conducted in a public hospital in Aguascalientes, Mexico. Stratified sampling by shift and service was used, including 185 eligible nursing professionals. The Nursing Stress Scale (NSS, α = 0.89) and the Nursing Care Behavior Assessment Scale (ECCOE, α = 0.957) were administered. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 through descriptive statistics and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results: Participants were predominantly women (82%) and held a bachelor’s degree (77%). The relationship between work-related stress and perceived care was weak and not statistically significant (ρ = −0.112; p = 0.130). Conclusions: In this sample, work-related stress was not significantly associated with the perception of care. Professional seniority may mitigate stress levels; however, multivariate analyses and longitudinal studies are required to confirm this effect and to control for potential confounding variables.