Relación entre burnout y satisfacción laboral en enfermería de Atención Primaria

Beatriz García Puentedura; Cristina Domingo Orihuela; Melinda Rosa Puga Santana

doi:10.58807/garnata20257556

Beatriz García Puentedura Universidad de Granada. Granada, España
Cristina Domingo Orihuela Universidad de Granada. Granada, España
Melinda Rosa Puga Santana Universidad de Granada. Granada, España

DOI: https://doi.org/10.58807/garnata20257556

Palabras clave: Atención primaria de salud, Agotamiento psicológico, Enfermería, Factores de riesgo, Satisfacción en el trabajo

Key-words: Primary health care, Burnout, Nursing, Risk factors, Job satisfaction

Resumen

El burnout es un síndrome causado por estrés crónico y caracterizado por emociones y actitudes negativas frente a cualquier factor relacionado con el trabajo. Se desarrolla en tres dimensiones: cansancio emocional, despersonalización y baja realización personal. Está muy presente en la enfermería de atención primaria y presenta una fuerte relación con la satisfacción laboral. El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar los factores que relacionan el burnout con la satisfacción laboral en atención primaria. Para ello se ha realizado una revisión de literatura de 8 estudios alrededor del mundo. Los resultados confirman la relación negativa entre burnout en sus tres dimensiones y satisfacción laboral. Se han encontrado diferentes factores que influyen en dicha relación: apoyo entre compañeros, gestión de enfermería, factores laborales como el salario, los turnos y la falta de reconocimiento, factores individuales como el sexo y tener hijos, y la intención de abandonar el puesto de trabajo debido, sobre todo, al ambiente de trabajo y la gestión enfermera. En conclusión, se ha visto que el burnout y la satisfacción laboral se relacionan de manera inversa y, además, están influenciados negativamente por factores que se retroalimentan negativamente entre ellos.

Abstract

Burnout is a syndrome caused by chronic stress and characterized by negative emotions and attitudes towards various work-related factors. It develops in three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal fulfillment. It is very prevalent in primary care nursing and has a strong relationship with job satisfaction. The objective of this article is to study the factors that link burnout with job satisfaction in primary care. To this end, a literature review of eight studies from around the world has been conducted. The results confirm the negative relationship between burnout in its three dimensions and job satisfaction. Various factors were found to influence this relationship: peer support, nursing management, such as gender and having children, and the intention to leave the job due, above all, to the work environment and nursing management. In conclusion, burnout and job satisfaction are inversely related and are also negatively influenced by factors that negatively influence each other.

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Relación entre burnout y satisfacción laboral en enfermería de Atención Primaria

Relationship between burnout and job satisfaction in Primary Care nursing

Resumen

Abstract

Bibliografía