Eficacia de las aplicaciones móviles en la adherencia y control de pacientes hipertensos

Sandra Martínez Pizarro; Jesús Sánchez Lozano

Sandra Martínez Pizarro Departamento de Enfermería, Hospital de Baza. Granada, España
Jesús Sánchez Lozano Departamento de Fisioterapia, Clínica Fisalde, Guadix. Granada, España

Palabras clave: Aplicaciones móviles, Presión arterial, Cumplimiento y adherencia al tratamiento, Revisión, Hipertensión

Key-words: Mobile applications, Arterial pressure, Treatment adherence and compliance, Review, Hypertension

Resumen

Introducción: A nivel mundial, más de una cuarta parte de la población mundial se considera hipertensa. La hipertensión es uno de los principales contribuyentes a la carga de morbilidad y es responsable de10 millones de muertes en el mundo. La conciencia de la enfermedad es baja y el control que hacen los pacientes es deficiente. Recientemente, se ha sugerido el uso de la terapéutica digital para afrontar este problema. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión para evaluar la eficacia de las aplicaciones móviles en la adherencia terapéutica y control de la tensión arterial en pacientes hipertensos. Método: Se ha llevado a cabo una revisión sistemática siguiendo la normativa PRISMA. Se consultaron las bases de datos de PubMed, Cinahl, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, Academic Search Complete, Lilacs, IBECS, CENTRAL, SciELO, y WOS. La última búsqueda se realizó el 5 de abril del 2024. Resultados: Se han hallado en las bases de datos consultadas 149 artículos. Tras aplicar filtros han quedado 5 ensayos para formar parte de esta revisión. La muestra total fue de 1.164 pacientes adultos con hipertensión arterial. La duración osciló entre 8 semanas y 6 meses. Todos los estudios mostraron seguridad, tolerabilidad y no se produjeron importantes efectos secundarios. Conclusiones: Las aplicaciones móviles son eficaces en la mejora de la adherencia terapéutica y control de la tensión arterial en pacientes hipertensos.

Abstract

Introduction: Globally, more than a quarter of the world's population is considered hypertensive. Hypertension is a major contributor to the burden of disease and is responsible for 10 million deaths worldwide. Awareness of the disease is low and patient control is poor. Recently, the use of digital therapeutics has been suggested to address this problem. Objective: To conduct a review to assess the efficacy of mobile applications in therapeutic adherence and blood pressure control in hypertensive patients. Method: A systematic review was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines. The Pub-Med, Cinahl, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, Academic Search Complete, Lilacs, IBECS, CENTRAL, SciELO, and WOS databases were consulted. The last search was performed on April 5, 2024. Results: 149 articles were found in the consulted databases. After applying filters, 5 tests were left to be part of this review. The total sample consisted of 1,164 adult patients with arterial hypertension. The duration ranged from 8 weeks to 6 months. All studies showed safety, tolerability and no significant side effects. Conclusions: Mobile applications are effective in improving therapeutic adherence and blood pressure control in hypertensive patients.

Bibliografía

Hengel FE, Sommer C, Wenzel U. Arterial Hypertension. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2022; 147(7): 414-428. doi: 10.1055/a-1577-8663.

Al Ghorani H, Götzinger F, Böhm M, Mahfoud F. Arterial hypertension - Clinical trials update 2021. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2022; 32(1): 21-31. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.09.007.

Di Palo KE, Barone NJ. Hypertension and Heart Failure: Prevention, Targets, and Treatment. Heart Fail Clin. 2020; 16(1): 99-106. doi: 10.1016/j.hfc.2019.09.001.

Slivnick J, Lampert BC. Hypertension and Heart Failure. Heart Fail Clin. 2019; 15(4): 531-541. doi: 10.1016/j.hfc.2019.06.007.

Lee JH, Kim KI, Cho MC. Current status and therapeutic considerations of hypertension in the elderly. Korean J Intern Med. 2019; 34(4): 687-695. doi: 10.3904/kjim.2019.196.

Rossier BC, Bochud M, Devuyst O. The Hypertension Pandemic: An Evolutionary Perspective. Physiology (Bethesda). 2017; 32(2): 112-125. doi: 10.1152/physiol.00026.2016.

Wermelt JA, Schunkert H. Management of arterial hypertension. Herz. 2017; 42(5): 515-526. doi: 10.1007/s00059-017-4574-1.

Dzau VJ, Hodgkinson CP. Precision Hypertension. Hypertension. 2024; 81(4): 702-708. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.123.21710.

Seixas A, Richards S, Moore JQ, Izeogu C, Hollimon LA, Jin P, et al. Precision Recruitment and Engagement of Individuals at Risk for Diabetes and Hypertension in Clinical Trials (PREDHICT): A Randomized Trial for an E-Persuasive Mobile Application to Inform Decision Making about Clinical Trials. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023; 20(23): 7115. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20237115.

Kario K, Harada N, Okura A. Digital Therapeutics in Hypertension: Evidence and Perspectives. Hypertension. 2022; 79(10): 2148-2158. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.19414.

Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. J Clin Epidemiol. 2021; 19: 26. doi: 10.1590/s0104-11692007000300023.

Mamédio C, Andrucioli M, Cuce M. The PICO strategy for the research question construction and evidence research. Rev Latino-Am Enfermagem. 2007; 15: 508- 11. doi: 10.1002/14651858.ED000142.

Higgins JPT, Thomas J. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. 2.ed. WILEY Blackwell; 2019. doi: 10.1016/j.cireng.2013.08.002.

Ouzzani M, Hammady H, Fedorowicz Z, Elmagarmid A. Rayyan—a web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Syst Rev; 5(1): 210. doi: 10.1186/s13643-016-0384-4.

Morawski K, Ghazinouri R, Krumme A, Lauffenburger JC, Lu Z, Durfee E, et al. Association of a Smartphone Application With Medication Adherence and Blood Pressure Control: The MedISAFE-BP Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2018; 178(6): 802-809. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.0447.

Márquez Contreras E, Márquez Rivero S, Rodríguez García E, López-García-Ramos L, Carlos Pastoriza Vilas J, Baldonedo Suárez A, et al. Specific hypertension smartphone application to improve medication adherence in hypertension: a cluster-randomized trial. Curr Med Res Opin. 2019; 35(1): 167-173. doi: 10.1080/03007995.2018.1549026.

Dwairej L, Ahmad M. Hypertension and mobile application for self-care, self-efficacy and related knowledge. Health Educ Res. 2022; 37(3): 199-212. doi: 10.1093/her/cyac012.

Yilmaz E, Uzuner A, Bajgora M, Dogan B, Altikardes ZA, Kavakli Geris B, et al. Effect of eTansiyon smartphone application on hypertension control. Prim Health Care Res Dev. 2022; 23: e64. doi: 10.1017/S146342362100058X.

Liu F, Song T, Yu P, Deng N, Guan Y, Yang Y, et al. Efficacy of an mHealth App to Support Patients' Self-Management of Hypertension: Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res. 2023; 25: e43809. doi: 10.2196/43809.

Kassavou A, Wang M, Mirzaei V, Shpendi S, Hasan R. The Association Between Smartphone App-Based Self-monitoring of Hypertension-Related Behaviors and Reductions in High Blood Pressure: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2022; 10(7): e34767. doi: 10.2196/34767.

Xu H, Long H. The Effect of Smartphone App-Based Interventions for Patients With Hypertension: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2020; 8(10): e21759. Doi: 10.2196/21759.

de Souza Ferreira E, de Aguiar Franco F, Dos Santos Lara MM, Levcovitz AA, Dias MA, Moreira TR, et al. The effectiveness of mobile application for monitoring diabetes mellitus and hypertension in the adult and elderly population: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Health Serv Res. 2023; 23(1): 855. doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-09879-6.

Mikulski BS, Bellei EA, Biduski D, De Marchi ACB. Mobile Health Applications and Medication Adherence of Patients With Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Am J Prev Med. 2022; 62(4): 626-634. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.11.003.

Eficacia de las aplicaciones móviles en la adherencia y control de pacientes hipertensos

Efficacy of mobile applications in the adherence and control of hypertensive patients

Resumen

Abstract

Bibliografía