Expresiones y conductas de los profesionales de la salud que  generan violencia obstétrica en la mujer: Revisión literaria

Merilyn Guerra-Ramírez; Dora Rativa-Alberto; María Fernanda Muñoz Guañarita; Katherin Vanessa Rodríguez Higuavita; Omar Alfonso Sarta Barinas

Merilyn Guerra-Ramírez Facultad de enfermería, Fundación Universitaria Sanitas. Bogotá, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9398-5317
Dora Rativa-Alberto Facultad de enfermería, Fundación Universitaria Sanitas. Bogotá, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9644-0582
María Fernanda Muñoz Guañarita Facultad de enfermería, Fundación Universitaria Sanitas. Bogotá, Colombia https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3134-503X
Katherin Vanessa Rodríguez Higuavita Facultad de enfermería, Fundación Universitaria Sanitas. Bogotá, Colombia https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5140-1498
Omar Alfonso Sarta Barinas Facultad de enfermería, Fundación Universitaria Sanitas. Bogotá, Colombia https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8586-4782

Palabras clave: Violencia obstétrica, Trabajo de parto, Personal de salud

Key-words: Obstetric violence, Labor, Health personnel

Resumen

Objetivo principal: Identificar las expresiones y conductas del personal de salud, que generan violencia obstétrica. Metodología: Revisión de literatura, se consultaron bases de datos como PubMed, ClinicalKey, BVS, incluyendo publicaciones entre 2016 y 2025. De un total de 800.000 registros iniciales, se seleccionaron 10 estudios que cumplían los criterios de inclusión. Resultados principales: Los hallazgos revelan prácticas recurrentes de maltrato verbal, físico y psicológico, uso de lenguaje despectivo, falta de consentimiento informado, realización de procedimientos innecesarios y trato deshumanizado durante el parto. Se evidencian efectos físicos, emocionales y psicológicos significativos en las mujeres, como dolor, trauma, ansiedad postparto y pérdida de confianza institucional. Conclusión principal: En conclusión, la erradicación de la violencia obstétrica requiere un abordaje integral que priorice la autonomía, la empatía y la dignidad de las mujeres en los servicios de salud, reconociéndolas como protagonistas activas de su proceso reproductivo.

Abstract

Objective: to identify expressions and behaviors of healthcare personnel that generate obstetric violence. Methodology: Literature review, consulting databases such as PubMed, ClinicalKey, and BVS, including publications between 2016 and 2025. From a total of 800,000 initial records, 10 studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Main results: The findings reveal recurring practices of verbal, physical, and psychological abuse, use of derogatory language, lack of informed consent, performance of unnecessary procedures, and dehumanizing treatment during childbirth. Significant physical, emotional, and psychological effects on women are evident, such as pain, trauma, postpartum anxiety, and loss of institutional trust. Main conclusion: In conclusion, the eradication of obstetric violence requires a comprehensive approach that prioritizes women's autonomy, empathy, and dignity in health services, recognizing them as active protagonists in their reproductive process.

Bibliografía

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Expresiones y conductas de los profesionales de la salud que generan violencia obstétrica en la mujer: Revisión literaria

Expressions and behaviors of healthcare professionals that generate obstetric violence in women: Literature review

Resumen

Abstract

Bibliografía