Imperiosa necesidad de evolución en el acceso venoso  extrahospitalario

José Manuel Roldán Ortega; Sergio R. López Alonso

José Manuel Roldán Ortega Centro de Emergencias Sanitaria 061. Córdoba, España
Sergio R. López Alonso Servicio de Urgencias de Atención Primaria, Centro de Salud Rincón de la Victoria, Distrito Sanitario Málaga. Málaga. España. Centro Universitario de Enfermería San Juan de Dios, Universidad de Sevilla. Bormujos, Sevilla, España https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4042-1697

Palabras clave: Catéteres venosos periféricos, Acceso venoso difícil, Atención prehospitalaria, Enfermería de urgencias, Acceso vascular guiado por ultrasonido, Ultrasonografía doppler, Práctica basada en la evidencia

Key-words: Peripheral intravenous catheters, Difficult venous access, Prehospital care, Emergency nursing, Ultrasound-guided vascular access, Doppler ultrasonography, Evidence-based practice

Resumen

El acceso venoso es un procedimiento esencial en la atención sanitaria, especialmente en situaciones de emergencia. A pesar de su alta frecuencia, las técnicas tradicionales de visualización y palpación siguen siendo la norma, lo que limita la efectividad en casos de acceso venoso difícil (DIVA). Mientras que en el ámbito hospitalario se han incorporado técnicas avanzadas como el eco-doppler para mejorar la canalización venosa, en el entorno extrahospitalario aún persisten desafíos debido a la falta de herramientas adecuadas y recursos limitados. La implementación de ecógrafos portátiles en ambulancias representa un avance, pero su uso sigue siendo incipiente. Es crucial definir criterios homogéneos para DIVA en este contexto y desarrollar estrategias de escalada basadas en evidencia para optimizar el acceso vascular. La evolución en este campo requiere una colaboración multidisciplinaria que garantice prácticas seguras y efectivas, mejorando los resultados clínicos y reduciendo las complicaciones asociadas.

Abstract

Venous access is an essential procedure in healthcare, especially in emergency situations. Despite its high frequency, traditional visualization and palpation techniques remain the standard, limiting effectiveness in cases of difficult intravenous access (DIVA). While advanced techniques such as Doppler ultrasound have been integrated into hospital settings to improve venous cannulation, prehospital environments still face challenges due to a lack of adequate tools and limited resources. The implementation of portable ultrasound devices in ambulances represents progress, but their use remains incipient. It is crucial to define standardized criteria for DIVA in this context and develop escalation strategies based on evidence to optimize vascular access. Progress in this field requires multidisciplinary collaboration to ensure safe and effective practices, improving clinical outcomes and reducing associated complications.

Bibliografía

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Imperiosa necesidad de evolución en el acceso venoso extrahospitalario

The imperative need for evolution in prehospital venous access

Resumen

Abstract

Bibliografía