Cronicidad: significado construido por los cuidadores y las personas cuidadas

Claudia Andrea Ramírez Perdomo; Claudia Patricia Cantillo-Medina; Alix Yaneth Perdomo-Romero; María Elena Rodríguez-Vélez; Ana Ligia Escobar Tobón

Claudia Andrea Ramírez Perdomo Universidad Surcolombiana, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9828-773X
Claudia Patricia Cantillo-Medina Universidad Surcolombiana, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0173-9619
Alix Yaneth Perdomo-Romero Universidad Surcolombiana, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1390-9718
María Elena Rodríguez-Vélez Universidad Surcolombiana, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1071-9695
Ana Ligia Escobar Tobón Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0222-9522

Palabras clave: Cuidadores, Enfermedad crónica no transmisible, Hermenéutica, Investigación cualitativa

Key-words: Caregivers, Noncommunicable disease, Hermeneutic, Qualitative research

Palavras chave: Cuidadores, Doença crônica não transmissível, Hermenêutica, Pesquisa Qualitativa

Resumen

Introducción: Las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles van en aumento, ocasionando discapacidad y dependencia en quien la padece, así como la necesidad de un cuidador. La cronicidad es un concepto que se ha analizado desde la mirada de la persona que la padece, dejando un vacío en la comprensión del significado para el cuidador. Objetivo: Comprender el significado de la cronicidad para las personas con Enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y sus cuidadores informales. Materiales y métodos: Investigación cualitativa fenomenológica-hermenéutica según la propuesta de Van Manen, muestreo casual orientado por criterio, participaron 10 personas enfermas y 9 cuidadores. Los criterios de rigor de credibilidad y confirmabilidad, confiabilidad y la transferibilidad, garantizaron la calidad del estudio. Resultados: emergieron los siguientes temas: brindar y recibir cuidado como un acto de amor; unión de la familia; enfrentarse a la dureza; recibir, brindar y buscar apoyo; estar pendiente; cambio de vida; proceso de aprendizaje; una compañía para toda la vida; imponer restricciones, limitaciones y pérdidas. Conclusiones: el significado de la cronicidad para los cuidadores y las personas enfermas es complejo, dinámico y multidimensional; por lo tanto, es necesario realizar intervenciones que ayuden a mitigar el impacto que esta produce en la vida de este binomio

Abstract

Introduction: Noncommunicable chronic diseases are rising, causing disability and dependence in the ones who suffer from them, as well as the necessity of a caregiver. Chronicity is a concept which has been analyzed from the perspective of the ill, leaving a void in the comprehension of the meaning for the caregiver. Aim: To understand the meaning of chronicity for people with non transmissible chronic diseases and their informal caregivers. Materials and methods: Qualitative phenomenological hermeneutic investigation according to the Van Manen proposal, casual sampling orientated by criteria with the participation of 10 sick people and 9 caregivers. The rigor criteria of credibility and confirmability, reliability, and transferability guaranteed the quality of the study. Results: The next topics emerged: to offer and receive care as a love act, family union, facing the hardness, receiving, giving, and looking support, being aware, change of life, learning process, a company for whole life, imposing restrictions, limitations, and loss. Conclusions: The meaning of chronicity for caregivers and sick people is complex, dynamic, and multidimensional which is why it is important to realize interventions that help mitigate the impact in the life of the binomial

Resumo

Introdução: As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis estão aumentando, causando incapacidade e dependência em quem as sofre, bem como a necessidade de um cuidador. A cronicidade é um conceito que vem sendo analisado na perspetiva da pessoa que a sofre, deixando uma lacuna na compreensão de seu significado para o cuidador.
Objetivo: compreender o significado da cronicidade para pessoas com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e seus cuidadores informais. Materiais e métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa fenomenológicohermenêutica segundo a proposta de Van Manen, amostragem casual orientada por critérios, participaram 10 doentes e 9 cuidadores. Os rigorosos critérios de credibilidade e confirmabilidade, confiabilidade e transferibilidade garantiram a qualidade do estudo. Resultados: emergiram os seguintes temas: dar e receber cuidado como ato de amor; união familiar; enfrentar aspereza; receber, fornecer e buscar apoio; estar pendente; mudança de vida; processo de aprendizagem; uma empresa para a vida; imponha restrições, limitações e perdas. Conclusões: o significado da cronicidade para cuidadores e pessoas doentes é complexo, dinâmico e multidimensional; portanto, é necessário realizar intervenções que ajudem a mitigar o impacto que isso produz na vida desse binômio

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Cronicidad: significado construido por los cuidadores y las personas cuidadas

Chronicity: Meaning constructed by caregivers and people cared

Cronicidade: Significado construído por cuidadores e pessoas cuidadas

Resumen

Abstract

Resumo

Bibliografía