Conocimiento del VIH-SIDA en estudiantes que visitan el pabellón de la universidad en un evento popular en Évora-Portugal

Ana Mª Aguiar Frias; Luís Manuel Mota Sousa; Natalia Maria Oliveira; Maria da Luz Ferreria Barros; Antónia Chora; Sagrario Gómez-Cantarino; Margarida Sim-Sim

Ana Mª Aguiar Frias Departamento de Enfermería. Escuela de Enfermería. Universidad de Évora (Évora, Portugal)
Luís Manuel Mota Sousa Departamento de Enfermería. Escuela de Enfermería. Universidad de Évora (Évora, Portugal)
Natalia Maria Oliveira Administración Regional de Salud del Alentejo (Alentejo, Portugal)
Maria da Luz Ferreria Barros Escola Superior de Enfermagem San Joao de Deus (Évora, Portugal)
Antónia Chora Escola Superior de Enfermagem San Joao de Deus (Évora, Portugal)
Sagrario Gómez-Cantarino Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (Toledo, España)
Margarida Sim-Sim Escola Superior de Enfermagem San Joao de Deus (Évora, Portugal)

Palabras clave: Conocimientos, Alfabetización sanitaria, VIH, Investigación en enfermería

Key-words: Knowledge, Health literacy, HIV, Nursing research

Palavras chave: Conhecimento, Literacia em saúde, VIH, Investigação em enfermagem

Resumen

El VIH infecta a más de 2,6 millones de personas/año, alcanzando en 2019 cerca 38,0 millones de infectados. La OMS reconoció la enfermedad como grave amenaza para la humanidad. Objetivo. Evaluar el nivel de conocimiento del VIH-SIDA y factores asociados en estudiantes durante eventos populares, Évora-Portugal.Métodos. Estudio cuantitativo transversal, muestra de conveniencia, 313 estudiantes que visitaron el pabellón institucional, sur Portugal. Recogieron datos sociodemográficos, se aplicó el Cuestionario de Conocimientos sobre VIH (HIV-KQ-18). La prueba de Kuder-Richardson arrojó un coeficiente de 0.847. Análisis de datos SPSS versión 24.0. Resultados. El 56.9% fueron mujeres (16 y 30 años). Excepto en 5 ítems, en los que el porcentaje de respuestas correctas superó al 50%, de sujetos que respondió incorrectamente sobre la transmisión del VIH. Las pruebas de Mann-Whitney y Kruskall-Walis, no detectaron diferencias en conocimientos de hombres/mujeres, grupos de edad y disponibilidad de preservativos. El análisis de conglomerados mostró dos perfiles: 1) mayor conocimiento universitarios, ser mujer, 19-21 años, consumo bajo o muy alto. 2) conocimiento bajo/muy bajo con factores asociados consumo moderado de alcohol, representado por varones (22-24 años). Conclusión. La realización de este tipo de encuestas permite que los programas de educación aborden carencias concretas sobre el VIH/SIDA

Abstract

Introduction. HIV infects more than 2.6 million people/year, reaching 38.0 million by 2019. WHO recognized the disease as a major threat to humanity. Objective. To assess the level of knowledge of HIV-AIDS and associated factors in students during popular events, Évora-Portugal. Methods. Quantitative cross-sectional study, convenience sample, 313 students who visited the institutional pavilion, South Portugal. Sociodemographic data were collected, the HIV Knowledge Questionnaire (HIV-KQ-18) was applied. The Kuder-Richardson test yielded a coefficient of 0.847. Data analysis SPSS version 24.0. Results. 56.9% were female (16 and 30 years). Except for 5 items, where the percentage of correct responses exceeded 50%, subjects answered incorrectly about HIV transmission. Mann-Whitney and Kruskall-Walis tests detected no differences in male/female knowledge, age groups and condom availability. Cluster analysis showed two profiles: 1) higher university knowledge, being female, 19-21 years old, low or very high use. 2) low/very low knowledge with associated factors moderate alcohol consumption, represented by males (22-24 years). Conclusion. Conducting this type of survey allows education programmes to address specific HIV/AIDS gaps

Resumo

O VIH infecta mais de 2,6 milhões de pessoas/ano, atingindo 38,0 milhões em 2019. A OMS reconheceu a doença como uma grande ameaça para a humanidade. Objectivo. Para avaliar o nível de conhecimento do VIH-SIDA e factores associados nos estudantes durante eventos populares, Évora-Portugal. Métodos. Estudo transversal quantitativo, amostra de conveniência, 313 estudantes que visitaram o pavilhão institucional, Sul de Portugal. Foram recolhidos dados sociodemográficos, foi aplicado o Questionário de Conhecimento sobre VIH (HIV-KQ-18). O teste Kuder-Richardson produziu um coeficiente de 0,847. Análise de dados SPSS versão 24.0. Resultados. 56,9% eram do sexo feminino (16 e 30 anos). Excepto em 5 itens, em que a percentagem de respostas correctas excedeu 50%, os sujeitos responderam incorrectamente sobre a transmissão do VIH. Os testes MannWhitney e Kruskall-Walis não detectaram diferenças no conhecimento masculino/feminino, grupos etários e disponibilidade de preservativos. A análise de cluster mostrou dois perfis: 1) conhecimento universitário superior, sendo do sexo feminino, 19-21 anos de idade, uso baixo ou muito alto. 2) conhecimento baixo/muito baixo com factores associados consumo moderado de álcool, representado por homens (22-24 anos). Conclusão. A realização deste tipo de inquérito permite que os programas educativos abordem as lacunas específicas do VIH/SIDA

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Conocimiento del VIH-SIDA en estudiantes que visitan el pabellón de la universidad en un evento popular en Évora-Portugal

HIV-AIDS knowledge among students visiting the university pavilion at a popular event in Évora-Portugal

Sensibilização para o VIH-SIDA entre estudantes que visitam o pavilhão universitário num evento popular em Évora-Portugal

Resumen

Abstract

Resumo

Bibliografía