Estudio de la Salud Mental en tiempos de Pandemia

Natalia Aguilera-Enguita; Alicia Amor-Loscertales

Natalia Aguilera-Enguita Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa (Zaragoza, España)
Alicia Amor-Loscertales Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa (Zaragoza, España)

Palabras clave: Infecciones por Coronavirus, Virus de SARS, Aislamiento social, Trastornos por estrés postraumático, Trastornos de ansiedad, Fobia social, Aislamiento social/psicología, Profesionales sanitarios, Enfermeras y depresión

Key-words: Coronavirus Infections, SARS Virus, Social isolation, Stress disorders, Post-traumatic, Anxiety disorders, Phobia, Social isolation/psychology, Healthcare professionals, Nurses and Depression

Resumen

Justificación: La actual pandemia emergente del Covid- 19, ha provocado una importante repercusión en la salud mental de la población y el personal sanitario. Por ello, es fundamental conocer y tratar las psicopatologías derivadas de ella. Objetivo: Analizar el impacto psicológico producido en la población y en el personal sanitario a nivel mundial tras el primer brote de Covid-19. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica del 20 al 30 de mayo de 2021 en las bases de datos PubMed y Scielo a través de los descriptores Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). Se seleccionaron únicamente los artículos escritos en inglés y español, con texto de acceso libre y con menos de un año de antigüedad. Se evidenciaron datos referentes a sexo, edad y patologías previas. Resultados: Se identificaron 100 artículos en la primera búsqueda, que tras la aplicación de los criterios de exclusión, se seleccionaron 13. Ser joven y mujer se ha asociado con mayor probabilidad de desarrollar problemas de salud mental. Además, los sanitarios presentan una mayor prevalencia de dichos trastornos frente a la población general. Conclusiones: La actual pandemia implicará un aumento en la psicopatología en la población, así pues, los profesionales de la salud mental, deberán garantizar la accesibilidad y continuidad de cuidados

Abstract

Justification: The current and emerging Coranovirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19 ) pandemic has brought about a significant impact on the mental health of population and healthcare workers. It is therefore essential to know and treat psychopathology that it gives rise to. Objective: Analyze psychological impact provoked on population and healthcare workers globally since the initial Covid-19 outbreak. Method: Literature search was carried out from 20 to 30 May 2021 in the following electronic databases: PubMed and Scielo. Terms from the “Medical Subject Heading” (MeSH) were used. Only written English and Spanish articles, in open access text and less than one year old were selected. Data were focusing on sex, age and previous pathologies. Results: 100 articles were identified from the first search, following the application of the exclusion criteria, 13 were selected. Being both young and female has been associated with increased likelihood of developing mental health problems. In addition, health workers have a higher prevalence of these disorders compared to general population. Conclusions: The current pandemic will entail an increase in the number of psychopathology within general population, so mental health professional should ensure accessibility and continuity of care

Bibliografía

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Estudio de la Salud Mental en tiempos de Pandemia

Study of Mental Health in Times of Pandemic

Resumen

Abstract

Bibliografía