Escala de Convivencia con un Proceso Crónico: validación en pacientes de habla hispana con hipertensión arterial

Leire Ambrosio; Gloria Carvajal-Carrascal; Alejandra Fuentes-Ramirez; Carmen Rodríguez-Blázquez

Leire Ambrosio NIHR ARC Wessex, School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
Gloria Carvajal-Carrascal Facultad de Enfermería y Rehabilitación, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
Alejandra Fuentes-Ramirez Facultad de Enfermería y Rehabilitación, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
Carmen Rodríguez-Blázquez Centro Nacional de Epidemiología y CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España

Palabras clave: Convivencia, Proceso crónico, Escala, Hipertensión arterial, Psicometría, Enfermería

Key-words: Living with, Long term condition, Scale, Hypertension, Psychometrics, Nursing

Resumen

Objetivo principal: Presentar los resultados psicométricos del estudio de validación de la Escala de Convivencia con un proceso crónico en pacientes con Hipertensión arterial (EC-HTA) en Colombia. Metodología: Estudio observacional, transversal con retest en una fracción de la muestra. Se analizaron los aspectos psicométricos de viabilidad/aceptabilidad, fiabilidad, precisión y validez de constructo. Resultados principales: Se incluyeron un total de 341 pacientes de los cuales el 68% eran mujeres con una edad media de 65 años. El 100% de los datos fueron computables. La EC-HTA presentó un valor alfa de Cronbach de 0,76. Respecto a la validez interna, para el total de la escala fue de 0,90. Conclusión principal: La EC-HTA es una escala válida y fiable para evaluar el grado de convivencia en pacientes con HTA en Colombia, siendo un instrumento clínico de gran utilidad para favorecer un cuidado centrado en la persona y no en la enfermedad.

Abstract

Objective: To present the psychometric results of the validation study of the Living with Chronic illness scale in patients with hypertension (LW-hypertension) in Colombia. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study with retest. There psychometric properties of feasibility/acceptability, reliability, precision, and construct validity were analyzed. Results: A total sample of 341 patients was included, where the 68% were female with an average age of 65 years old. The 100% of the data were computable. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the total scale was 0.76. Regarding internal validity for the total scale was 0.90. Conclusions: The LW-hypertension scale is a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate the living with hypertension degree in Colombia, becoming a clinical and easy instrument to facilitate a person centered care and not centered just on the disease.

Bibliografía

1. Jakab M, Farrington J, Borgermans L, Mantingh F. World Health Organization. Health systems respond to NCDs: time for ambition. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe. for ambition; 2019. Disponible en: https://www.euro.who.int/__ data/assets/pdf_file/0009/380997/Book-NCD-HS.pdf [acceso 13/09/2020].
2. Instituto Nacional de Salud, Observatorio Nacio-nal de Salud. Quinto Informe ONS: Carga de enfermedad por enfermedades crónicas no trans-misibles y discapacidad en Colombia ONS. Bogotá, Colombia: Imprenta Nacional de Colombia; 2015. Disponible en: https://www.ins.gov.co/Direc cio-nes/ONS/Informes/5.%20Carga%20de%20enfer medad%20ECNT.pdf [acceso 5/09/2020].
3. Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. Día mundial de la Hipertensión Arterial Colombia: Ficha Técnica; 2017. Disponible en: https://www. minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RI DE/VS/PP/ENT/dia-mundial-hipertension-2017.pdf [acceso 13/09/2020].
4. Ambrosio L, Senosiain JM, Riverol M, Anaut S, De Cerio SD, Ursúa ME, et al. Living with chronic illness in adults: a concept analysis. Journal of Clinical Nursing 2015; 24: 2357-2367. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12827.
5. Portillo MC, Senosiain JM, Arantzamendi M, Zaragoza A, Navarta MV, de Cerio SD, et al. Pa-tients and relatives living with Parkinson’s disease: Preliminary results of Phase I. Revista Científica Sociedad Española de Enfermería Neurológia 2012; 36: 31-38. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/ S2013-5246(12)70019-3.
6. Ambrosio L, Portillo MC. Tools to assess living with a chronic illness: A systematic review. Enfer-mería Clínica 2018; 28: 220-229. Doi: https://doi. org/10.1016/j.enfcle.2018.04.004.
7. Ambrosio L, Portillo MC, Rodríguez-Blázquez C, Martínez-Martín P. Estudio piloto sobre la escala de convivencia con un proceso crónico en pacien-tes con enfermedad de Parkinson. Revista de Neurología 2015; 61(10): 447-453. Doi: https://doi.org/ 10.33588/rn.6110.2015158.
8. Ambrosio L, Portillo MC, Rodríguez-Blázquez C, Rodríguez-Violante M, Martínez JC, Campos V, et al. Living with Chronic Illness Scale: International Validation of a New Self-Report Measure in Park-inson's Disease. npj Parkinson's Disease 2016; 20(2) 16022: 1-6. Doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1038 %2Fnpjparkd.2016.22.
9. Ambrosio L, Navarta-Sánchez MV, Meneses A, Rodriguez-Blázquez C. Living with Chronic Illness Scale: Pilot study in patients with several chronic diseases. Atención Primaria 2020; S0212-6567: 30414-30421. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim. 2018.08.008.
11. Stebbing GT. Clinical rating scale development. En: Sampaio CG, editor. Rating Scales in Parkin-son’s disease: Clinical practice and research. Ox-ford: Oxford University Press; 2012. pp. 3-9.
12. Ayala A, Rodríguez-Blázquez C, Frades-Payo B, Forjaz MJ, Martínez-Martin P, Fernández- Mayoralas G, et al. Propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Apoyo Social Funcional y de la Escala de Soledad en adultos mayores no institu-cionalizados en España. Gaceta Sanitaria 2012; 26: 317-324. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta. 2011.08.009.
13. World Health Organization. The World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-BREF. 2004. Disponible en: http://www.who.int/substan ce_abuse/research_tools/en/english_whoqol.pdf [acceso 13/09/2020].
14. Ambrosio L, Portillo MC, Rodríguez-Blázquez C, Martínez-Castrillo JC, Rodríguez-Violante M, Serrano-Dueñas M, et al. Satisfaction with Life Scale (SLS-6): First validation study in Parkinson’s disease population. Parkinsonism & Related Disor-ders 2016; 25: 52-57. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.parkreldis.2016.02.012.
15. Smith SC, Lamping DL, Banerjee S, Harwood R, Foley B, Smith P, et al. Measurement of health-related quality of life for people with dementia: development of a new instrument (DEMQOL) and an evaluation of current methodology. Health Technological Assessment 2005; 9: 1-93. Doi: https://doi.org/10.3310/hta9100.
16. McHorney CA, Tarlov AR. Individual-patient monitoring in clinical practice: are available health status surveys adequate? Quality of Life Research 1995; 4: 293-307. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/ bf01593882.
17. Van der Linden FAH, Kragt JJ, Klein M, van der Ploeg HM, Polman CH, Uitdehaag BMJ. Psycho-metric evaluation of the multiple sclerosis impact scale (MSIS-29) for proxy use. Journal of Neurolo-gy and Neurosurg Psychiatry 2005; 76: 1677-1681. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2005. 065227.
18. Aaronson N, Alonso J, Burnam A, Lohr KN, Patrick DL, Perrin E, et al. Assessing health status and quality-of-life instruments: Attributes and review criteria. Quality of Life Research 2002; 11: 193-205. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1015291 021312.
19. Hobart JC, Riazi A, Lamping DL, Fitzpatrick R, Thompson A. Improving the evaluation of thera-peutic interventions in multiple sclerosis: develop-ment of a patient-based measure of outcome. Health and Technological Assessment 2004; 8: 1-48. Doi: https://doi.org/10.3310/hta8090.
20. Eisen M, Ware JE, Donald CA, Brook RH. Measuring components of children’s health status. Medical Care 197; 17: 902-921. Doi: https://doi. org/10.1097/00005650-197909000-00003.
21. Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 1977; 33: 159-174. Doi: http://doi.org/10.2307/252 9310.
22. Fayers PM, Machin D. Quality of Life. The assessment, analysis and interpretation of patient-reported outcomes. Chichester: Wiley; 2007.
23. Norman GR, Sloan JA, Wyrwich KW. Interpre-tation of changes in health-related quality of life: The remarkable universality of half a standard deviation. Med Care. 2003 May; 41: 582-92. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mlr.0000062554.74615. 4c.
24. Luo N, Johnson JA, Shaw JW, Feeny D, Coons, SJ, et al. Self-reported health status of the general adult U.S. population as assessed by the EQ-5D and Health Utilities Index. Medical Care 2005; 43: 1078-86. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mlr.0000 182493.57090.c1.
25. Ambrosio L, Portillo MC, Rodriguez-Blázquez C, Rojo JM, Martinez-Martin P. Influencing factors when Living with Parkinson’s Disease: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Nurs. 2019 2; 28(17-18): 3168-76. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14868.
26. Pazoki R, Dehghan A, Evangelou E, Warren H, Gao H, Caulfield M, et al. Genetic Predisposition to High Blood Pressure and Lifestyle Factors: Associa-tions With Midlife Blood Pressure Levels and Cardiovascular Events. Circulation. 2019 8;139(2): e2. Abstract corrected]. Circulation 2018; 137(7): 653-661. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1161/circulatio naha.117.030898.
27. Unda F, Llobera J, Lorente P, Moreno ML, Oliver BB, Basante P, et al. Effectiveness of a multifactorial intervention, consisting of self-management of antihypertensive medication, self-measurement of blood pressure, hypocaloric and low sodium diet, and physical exercise, in patients with uncontrolled hypertension taking 2 or more antihypertensive drugs: The MEDICHY study. Medicine 2020; 99(17): e19769. Doi: https://doi. org/10.1097/md.0000000000019769.
28. Vasconcelos M, Ramos G, Fernandes E, Rodri-gues R, Pessanha Maria, Azevedo A. La mujer ante el envejecimiento en un centro para adultos mayores. Index de Enfermería 2016; 25(4): 238-242.
29. Camacho PA, Gomez-Arbelaez D, Molina DI, Sanchez G, Arcos E, Narvaez C, et al. Social disparities explain differences in hypertension prevalence, detection and control in Colombia. Journal of Hypertension 2016; 34(12): 2344‐52. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/hjh.00000000000011 15.
30. Cruz OM, Pérez M, Jenaro C, Torres EA, Cardona EI, Vega V. Discapacidad, cronicidad y envejecimiento: la emergencia del cuidado ante la dependencia. Index de Enfermería 2017;26(1–2):53–7.

Escala de Convivencia con un Proceso Crónico: validación en pacientes de habla hispana con hipertensión arterial

Living with chronic illness scale: vali-dation in Spanish-speaking population with hypertension

Resumen

Abstract

Bibliografía