Importancia del Estudio Piloto en un Proyecto de Intervención

Higinio Fernández-Sánchez; Francisco Rafael Guzmán-Facundo; Daniel Herrera-Medina; Souraya Sidani

doi:10.58807/indexenferm20233776

Higinio Fernández-Sánchez University of Alberta, Faculty of Nursing, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, Edmonton, Alberta, Canadá
Francisco Rafael Guzmán-Facundo Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Enfermería, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
Daniel Herrera-Medina Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Enfermería, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
Souraya Sidani Ryerson University, School of Nursing, Toronto, Ontario, Canadá

DOI: https://doi.org/10.58807/indexenferm20233776

Palabras clave: Investigación clínica, Intervenciones en salud, Estudio piloto

Key-words: Clinical research, Health interventions, Pilot study

Resumen

Objetivo: Detallar los elementos básicos de los estudios piloto, sus propósitos y los componentes que evalúan. Desarrollo: Las intervenciones en salud se desarrollan en cuatro fases. Este artículo se enfoca en la segunda fase, que corresponde a los estudios piloto. En términos generales, los estudios piloto son diseñados e implementados para analizar la fidelidad, aceptabilidad y efectos preliminares. La fidelidad se refiere a la relación entre los ingredientes activos de la intervención, sus componentes y actividades (teórica), y el grado en que se implementa la intervención de acuerdo con lo planificado (operacional). La aceptabilidad es un constructo de siete indicadores, e incluye la satisfacción de los participantes hacia la intervención y el intervencionista. Los efectos preliminares hacen referencia a la capacidad de la intervención de inducir cambios en los resultados de una investigación. Conclusiones: Un estudio piloto es uno de los primeros pasos que se lleva a cabo en un proyecto de intervención. El estudio piloto permite tomar decisiones fundamentadas sobre la implementación de una investigación principal. Este artículo pretende ser referencia para el diseño, implementación y evaluación de estudios piloto.

Abstract

Objective: To describe the basic elements of the pilot studies, their purpose and their evaluation components. Development: Health interventions are generally developed in four phases. This article focuses on the Second Phase, which corresponds to pilot studies. Generally speaking, pilot studies are designed and implemented to analyze the fidelity, acceptability, and preliminary effects of an intervention. Fidelity refers to the relationship between the intervention’s active ingredients and its components and activities (theoretical), and the degree to which the intervention is delivered according to what was planned (operational). Acceptability includes the participant’s satisfaction towards the intervention and the interventionist. Preliminary effects refer to the ability of the intervention to induce changes in the outcome of an intervention. Conclusions: A Pilot Study is one of the first steps in an intervention project. A pilot study allows informed decisions to be made about the implementation of a larger research project. This article intends to serve as a guide for the design, implementation and evaluation of pilot studies.

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Darío Almaraz el 23/12/2020 a las 20:52:59:
Interesante e importante

Importancia del Estudio Piloto en un Proyecto de Intervención

Importance of a Pilot Study in an intervention project

Resumen

Abstract

Bibliografía