Experiencias de afrontamiento psicosocial en el contexto de aislamiento social obligatorio, en jefes de familia de Lima Metropolitana

Eli Malvaceda-Espinoza; Sascha Reinstein-Romero; Marbet Segovia-Roque; Solanghe Sayán-Cortéz; Karla Castillejo-Rodriguez; Carlos Arenas Iparraguirre

Eli Malvaceda-Espinoza Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola (Lima, Perú)
Sascha Reinstein-Romero Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (Lima, Perú)
Marbet Segovia-Roque Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (Lima, Perú)
Solanghe Sayán-Cortéz Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (Lima, Perú)
Karla Castillejo-Rodriguez Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola (Lima, Perú)
Carlos Arenas Iparraguirre Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (Lima, Perú)

Palabras clave: Afrontamiento, Aislamiento social obligatorio, COVID-19, Fenomenología, Jefes de familia

Key-words: Coping, Compulsory social isolation, COVID-19, Phenomenology, Heads of families

Palavras chave: Enfrentamento, Isolamento social obrigatório, COVID-19, Fenomenologia, Chefes de família

Resumen

La presente investigación busca analizar las experiencias de afrontamiento psicosocial en el contexto de Aislamiento Social Obligatorio, producto del COVID-19, en jefes de familia de Lima metropolitana. Para ello se realizó una investigación cualitativa de diseño fenomenológico, así se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas en profundidad a 17 participantes, quienes son jefes de familia, provenientes de distritos con altos y bajos ingresos económicos. Los resultados evidencian que se experimentan, por un lado, los estilos centrados en el problema, desde el cual se refiere el afrontamiento activo, la planificación, la reestructuración de actividades y rutinas, así como el des-plazamiento y cambio de prioridades. De otro lado, se encuentran los estilos centrados en las emo-ciones, tales como la aceptación y agencia, la búsqueda de apoyo emocional, la reinterpretación po-sitiva y la liberación de emociones. Asimismo, existen diferencias en la experimentación del afron-tamiento, ya sea por la pertenencia a distritos con mayores o menores ingresos económicos, o con relación a si se trata de hombres, mujeres o personas de género no binario. Se concluye que las experiencias de afrontamiento varían de acuerdo con las diferentes características socioeconómicas y de género de los participantes, siendo necesaria una mirada interseccional en el análisis

Abstract

This research seeks to analyze the experiences of psychosocial coping in the context of Obligatory Social Isolation, brough about by COVID-19, in heads of families of Metropolitan Lima, Peru. In order to do this, we developed a qualitative research with a phenomenological design; semi-structured interviews were carried out with 17 participants, heads of their families, from dis-tricts with high and low income. The results show that, on the one hand, participants experience styles focused on the problem, which encompass active coping, planning, restructuring their activ-ities and routines, as well as displacement and change of priorities. On the other hand, we have the styles centered on emotions, such as acceptance and agency, search for emotional support, positive reinterpretation and the release of emotions. Likewise, there are differences in the ways in which people cope, both regarding their belonging to districts with higher or lower income, or in relation to whether they are men, women or non-binary people. We conclude that the coping experiences vary according to the different socioeconomic and gender characteristics of the participants, requir-ing an intersectional perspective in the analysis

Resumo

Esta pesquisa busca analisar as experiências de enfrentamento psicossocial no contexto do Isolamento Social Obrigatório, produto do COVID-19, em chefes de família na região metropolitana de Lima. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa de de-lineamento fenomenológico, para isso foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas em profundidade com 17 participantes, chefes de família, de bairros de alta e baixa renda. Os resultados mostram que, por um lado, são vivenciados estilos voltados para o problema, dos quais se referem o enfrentamento ativo e o planejamento. Por outro lado, existem os estilos centrados nas emoções, como as estratégias de busca de apoio, aceitação, reinter-pretação positiva e liberação de emoções. Por fim, expressa-se o estilo de evitação, a partir do qual se evidencia a omissão de atividades e a supressão de objetivos. Conclui-se que as experiências de enfrentamento variam de acordo com as diferentes características dos participantes, exigindo um olhar intersetorial na análise

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Experiencias de afrontamiento psicosocial en el contexto de aislamiento social obligatorio, en jefes de familia de Lima Metropolitana

Experiences of psychosocial coping in the context of compulsory social isolation, in family heads of Metropolitan Lima

Experiências de enfrentamento psicossocial no contexto do isolamento social obrigatório, em chefes de família da região metropolitana de Lima

Resumen

Abstract

Resumo

Bibliografía